Again Assertive Sentence have two form(Affirmative and Negative).
If we look at the structures, we will find three types of sentences. They are simple, complex and compound.
Let's try to learn changing those sentences from one to another.
Affirmative To Negative:
- If there present only or alone in an
Affirmative Sentence and this only or alone identify Allah/God or any person, then we will use None but to make it a negative one.
Affir: Only Allah can help us.
Neg: None but Allah can help us.
Affir: Only he can do the work.
Neg: None but he can do the work.
If this only or alone identify a particular
thing, it is better to use nothing but in the place of only or alone to make it Negative.
Affir:A child likes only sweets.
Neg: A child likes nothing but sweet.
If this only or alone identify number, it is much better to use not more than or not less than to make it Negative.
Affir: He is only ten.
Neg: He is not more than ten.
Affir: Karim was only twenty two.
Neg: Karim was not more than twenty two. - If ther present must in an Affirmative Sentence, we can use can't but or can't help to make it Negative. But if we use can't help, we have to add ing with the next verb.
Affir: We must yield to our fate.
Neg: We can't but yield to our fate.
Affir: You must obey your parents.
Neg: You can't help obeying your parents. - Both…..and/and>>>>>>>not only …….but also
Affir: Both Rajib and Adeeb were good friends.
Neg: Not only Rajin but also Adeeb were good friends.
Affir: He took coffee and ice-cream.
Neg: He took not only coffee but also ice-cream. - Every >>>>>>>There is no……but
Affir: Everyone hates a liar.
Neg: There is no one but hates a liar. - As soon as>>>>>>>No sooner had…..than
Affir: As soon as the thief saw the police, he ran away.
Neg: No sooner had the thief seen the police than the thief ran away. - Superlative degree >>>>>>positive degree
Affir:He is the best boy in the class.
Neg: No other boy in the class is so good as he. - Affirmative word>>>>>> not +Negative form of the Affirmative word
Affir: I shall remember you.
Neg: I shall not forget you. - Always>>>>>>never+ Negative form of the Affirmative word
Affir: I always agreed with him.
Neg: I never disagreed with him. - Too…….to >>>>>>>> so………that
Affir: He is too weak to go.
Neg: He is so weak that he can't go. - As…….as>>>>>>>not less……than
Affir: Jim and Della were as wise as Magi.
Neg: Jim and Della were not less wise than Magi. - We change into Interrogative to make Negative those sentences having universall meaning.
Affir: The sun sets in the west.
Neg: Doesn't the sun set in the west? - Sometimes >>>>>>not + always
Affir: A day labourer is sometimes happy.
Neg: A day labourer is not always happy. - Many >>>>not a few
Affir: There are many students in the class.
Neg: There are not a few students in the class. - a few>>>>>>not many
a little >>>>>>not much
much >>>>>>>not a little
Affir: I have a few friends.
Neg: I have not many friends.
Affir: I have a little rice.
Neg: I have not much rice.
Affir: He has much money.
Neg: He has not a little money.
Assertive To Interrogative:
First of all you have to keep this three points in mind-
(a) You have to star with the helping verb
(b) If there is no helping verb, you have to put do/ does/did according to tense and person. For simple present tense, there will be do/ does and for simple past tense, there will be did.
(c) In simple present tense for I, we, you, they and any plural subject, there will be do in the starting of the Interrogative Sentence. For he, she, it and any third person singular, there will be does.
Asser: He is absent from the meeting.
Int: Isn't he absent from the meeting?
● Negative word will be removed / added
Asser: He is not a good student.
Int: Is he a good student?
Asser: He plays football.
Int: Doesn't he play football?
Asser: Karim liked the late spring.
Int: Didn't Karim like the late spring?
● never>>>>>ever
nothing >>>>>anything
Asser: I never drink tea.
Int: Do I ever drink tea?
Asser: There was nothing to do.
Int: Was there anything to do?
● Everybody/Everyone/All>>>>>>who+
doesn't/didn't
Asser: Everybody wishes to be happy.
Int: Who doesn't wish to be happy.
●There is no>>>>>What/Who
It is no use>>>>>>Why
It does not matter >>>>>>What though
Asser: There is no use of this law.
Int: What is the use of this law?
Asser: It is no use memorizing answer for any explanation.
Int: Why memorise answer for any explanation?
Or, Is there any use of memorizing answer for any explanation?
Asser: It does not matter if we loose the game.
Int: What though if we loose the game?
EXCLAMATORY TO ASSERTIVE
- Sub + verb +(a/an) + very/great + adj + next part
Excl: What a fine bird it is!
Asser: It is a very fine bird. - Hurrah!>>>>>>>>>It is a matter of joy that
Alas!>>>>>>>>It is a matter of sorrow that
Excl: Hurrah! We have won the game.
Asser: It is a matter of joy that we have won the game.
Excl: Alas! He has failed.
Asser: It is a matter of sorrow that he has failed. - If>>>>>Sub + wish + next part
Excl: If I were a king!
Asser: I wish I were a king. - Had>>>>>>>>Sub+wish+sub+next part
Excl: Had I the wings of a bird!
Asser: I wish I had the wings of a bird. - Would that>>>>>>>Sub+wish
Excl: Would that I could be a child again!
Asser: I wish I could be a child again.
ASSERTIVE TO IMPERATIVE
○ You speak the truth.
= Speak the truth.
○ You should do the work.
= Do the work.
○ You should not go out.
= Don't go out.
○ You should never tell a lie.
= Never tell a lie.
○ He plays football.
= Let him play football.
○ We do not hate the poor.
= Let us no hate the poor.
SIMPLE > COMPLEX > COMPOUND
- In spite of > Though > but
~ In spite of his working hard, he failed in the examination.
□ Though he worked hard, he failed in the examination.
■ He worked hard but failed in the examination. - Because of > Since > and/ and so
~ Because of his being small, he could not work hard.
□ Since he was small, he could not work hard.
■ He was small and so he could not work hard. - By > If you >and
~ By working hard, you can succeed in life.
□ If you work hard, you can succeed in life.
■ Work hard and you can succeed in life. - Without >If you don't > or
~ Without working hard, you will not prosper in life.
□ If you don't work hard, you will not prosper in life.
■ Work hard or you will not prosper in life. - too…to > so…that > very…and
~ The boy is too weak to walk.
□ The boy is so weak that he can't walk.
■ The boy is very weak and he can't walk. - to > so that > and
~ He worked hard to prosper in life.
□ He work hard so that he could prosper in life.
■ He worked hard and he could prosper in life. - At the time of > When > and
~ At the time of their playing, it began to rain.
□ When they were playing, it began to rain.
■ They were playing and it began to rain.